[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/zpracovani-odpadu-pri-vyrobe-hliniku-je-narocny-proces\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/zpracovani-odpadu-pri-vyrobe-hliniku-je-narocny-proces\/","headline":"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b hlin\u00edku je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd proces","name":"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b hlin\u00edku je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd proces","description":"Hlin\u00edk je lehk\u00fd kov, kter\u00e9ho je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b ji\u017e des\u00edtky let. P\u0159i pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch slitin v\u0161ak doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke vzniku jemn\u00fdch prachov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dek, tzv. st\u011br\u016f. Jedn\u00e1 se o nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd odpad p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b, kter\u00fd ov\u0161em vy\u017eaduje dal\u0161\u00ed technologick\u00e9 \u00fapravy, aby mohl b\u00fdt zpracov\u00e1n a skladov\u00e1n. Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd st\u011br obsahuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 rozmez\u00ed od 20 do 70 procent […]","datePublished":"2025-02-28","dateModified":"2023-04-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"holotin.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/91b1fc57487c55a66a7777af0dd690bf69c571b4a9b15cda0db8854a78b7888c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/91b1fc57487c55a66a7777af0dd690bf69c571b4a9b15cda0db8854a78b7888c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"holotin.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309047_w2029_t1520022193.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309047_w2029_t1520022193.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/zpracovani-odpadu-pri-vyrobe-hliniku-je-narocny-proces\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":481,"articleBody":"Hlin\u00edk je lehk\u00fd kov, kter\u00e9ho je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b ji\u017e des\u00edtky let. P\u0159i pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch slitin v\u0161ak doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke vzniku jemn\u00fdch prachov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dek, tzv. st\u011br\u016f. Jedn\u00e1 se o nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd odpad p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b, kter\u00fd ov\u0161em vy\u017eaduje dal\u0161\u00ed technologick\u00e9 \u00fapravy, aby mohl b\u00fdt zpracov\u00e1n a skladov\u00e1n. Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd st\u011br obsahuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 rozmez\u00ed od 20 do 70 procent \u010dist\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku a zbytek st\u011bru je r\u016fznorod\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed.\u00a0 Vlivem atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 vlhkosti nebo p\u0159i kontaktu s\u00a0vodou pak st\u011bry vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny, nap\u0159. vod\u00edk, amoniak a metan. Rozpustn\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky jsou nav\u00edc do vody vyplavov\u00e1ny a hroz\u00ed kontaminace okoln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.\tHlin\u00edk je obecn\u011b siln\u011b reaktivn\u00ed kovSt\u011bry vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0d\u016fsledku zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch rud a odpadov\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku v\u00a0tavic\u00edch pec\u00edch. Roztaven\u00fd hlin\u00edk se p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch od 750 do 900 stup\u0148\u016f st\u00e1v\u00e1 siln\u011b reaktivn\u00edm \u010dinidlem, slu\u010duje se s\u00a0rafina\u010dn\u00edmi solemi a atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdm dus\u00edkem a kysl\u00edkem za vzniku r\u016fznorod\u00fdch slou\u010denin. P\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku se v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice vytvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3000 tun hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch st\u011br\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b. Nen\u00ed to tedy zanedbateln\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed odpadu a ten je nutno n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b zpracovat, z\u00e1kon o odpadech \u010d. 185\/2001 Sb. toti\u017e zakazuje likvidaci takov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm na skl\u00e1dky. Obecn\u011b tento z\u00e1kon zakazuje skl\u00e1dkovat odpady ho\u0159lav\u00e9, v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9, infek\u010dn\u00ed a takov\u00e9, jejich\u017e schopnost\u00ed je tvo\u0159it v\u00a0kontaktu s\u00a0vodou a vzduchem jedovat\u00e9 plyny.\tJak se hlin\u00edkov\u00fd st\u011br zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1?Jde o kombinaci chemick\u00e9 a mechanick\u00e9 \u00fapravy odpadu, kter\u00e1 je patentov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bna. St\u011bry se nejprve mechanicky t\u0159\u00edd\u00ed a rozem\u00edlaj\u00ed, hrub\u0161\u00ed frakce jsou d\u00e1le vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 a naopak jemn\u00fd prach je siln\u011b reaktivn\u00ed a pro dal\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed nen\u00ed vhodn\u00fd. P\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edm reaktoru doch\u00e1z\u00ed za zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho tlaku a teploty k\u00a0chemick\u00e9mu rozkladu nitrid\u016f a karbid\u016f. Kovov\u00fd hlin\u00edk se hydratuje a vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed plyny (amoniak, vod\u00edk a metan) se termicky rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed p\u0159i spalov\u00e1n\u00ed ve spalovac\u00edch komor\u00e1ch.Vznikl\u00e9 rozpustn\u00e9 soli hlin\u00edku se po odfiltrov\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmu taven\u00ed hlin\u00edku a m\u011bdi. Oxid hlinit\u00fd prov\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u011bru se pak vyu\u017eije v\u00a0tzv. sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed metalurgii, prod\u00e1v\u00e1 se pod n\u00e1zvem Alcaten a jeho vlastnosti jsou dokonce v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e u d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho miner\u00e1lu kazivce (fluoridu v\u00e1penat\u00e9ho CaF2.)\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.6\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b hlin\u00edku je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd proces","item":"https:\/\/www.holotin.cz\/zpracovani-odpadu-pri-vyrobe-hliniku-je-narocny-proces\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]